Agric Science Primary 4 Second Term

AGRIC SCIENCE PRIMARY FOUR SECOND TERM LESSON PLAN SCHEME OF WORK

WEEK               TOPIC

1. METHOD OF FARM PRODUCE PRESERVATIONS
2. METHOD OF FARM PRODUCE PRESERVATIONS CONT.
3. MATERIALS FOR GROWING CROPS
4. MATERIALS FOR GROWING CROPS CONT.
5. SAFETY MEASURES IN APPLYING CHEMICALS
6. HOW TO RAISE ORNAMENTAL CROPS
7. HOW TO RAISE ORNAMENTAL CROPS
8. COMPOST MAKING
9. IMPORTANCE OF EACH FACTOR OF PRODUCTION
10. REVISION

WEEK ONE & TWO

METHOD OF FARM PRODUCE PRESERVATION

The proper keeping of food until they are needed is called food preservation. Some crop

Plants will need to store until the next planting season. To make sure that they are good for planting ( viable), they must be properly preserved.

 IMPORTANCE OF FARM PRODUCE PRESERVATION

1. To retain the freshness of the food
2. To reduce the loss of quality of the food
3. To prolong the food shelf life
4. To prevent possible contamination and infection.

METHODS OF FARM PRODUCE PRESERVATION

The different methods of farm produce preservation are:

• Sun drying
• Smoking
• Salting
• Frying
• Refrigeration
• Canning
• Bagging
• Bottling
• Sun drying

Peeled cassava, peeled yam, maize, beans can be preserved by spreading them under the sun. sun drying reduces the water content of the foodstuff

• Smoking

Fish and meat can be smoked with coal fire. Smoking dries the meat and fish. These meat and fish can be kept for a long time without getting spoilt.

• Salting

Adding salt to some foodstuffs like meat and fish can preserve them for a short period of time. The salt keeps germs away from the food stuff.

• Frying

Meat, fish, chicken, plantain, yam, and potato can be preserved by frying. Frying removes water from the food items so that they can be kept for a long period of time.

• Refrigeration

This is a modern way of preserving food. Food items like eggs, fruits, and vegetables can be preserved in the fridge. For longer preservation, meat, fish should be stored in the freezer.

• Canning

In factories, food is processed and canned so that it can be stored for a long time. Such foods include fruits, pepper, tomato, sardine, corned beef, and soup. the can is sealed after adding some chemicals called preservatives.

• Bagging

Foodstuffs can be preserved in a bag so that they can be stored for a long time e.g. rice.

All

• Bottling

Fruit juice can be put in sealed bottles for preservation purposes.

EVALUATION

1. What is food preservation?
2. State four importance of food preservation
3. Methods of preserving food include:

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WEEK THREE & FOUR

MATERIALS NEEDED TO GROW CROPS

The following materials are needed to grow crops:

1. Good seeds
2. Good stem cuttings
3. Fertilizer or manure
4. Pest killing chemicals; ( including weed killers)

AGRIC SCIENCE PRIMARY FOUR SECOND TERM LESSON PLAN SCHEME OF WORK

1. Good seeds

Seeds to be grown must be viable (living healthy seeds). They must not be seeds that are affected by diseases. Examples are good seeds of beans, melon, and maize grains.

2. Good stem cutting

Good stem cuttings are used in growing cassava and some tree crops. The cuttings must not be affected by diseases and must be clean and healthy-looking.

3. Fertilizer or manure

Fertilizers or manure supply mineral nutrients that serve as food to crop plants. They are usually added to the soil to make our crops grow well and healthy.

4. Pest killing chemicals

Chemicals called insecticides can be sprayed on plants to kill insects. Baits are used for rodents( rats, rabbits) and scarecrows for birds. Chemicals called rodenticides can be used to kill rodents.

EVALUATION

1. List four materials needed for growing crops
2. Describe good seeds that can germinate easily
3. Describe good stem cuttings that can sprout easily
4. Explain the importance of fertilizer or manure.
5. Explain the importance of pests killing chemicals

WEEK FIVE

SAFETY MEASURES IN APPLYING CHEMICALS

1. Spray the chemicals with the aid of a knapsack sprayer with your mouth and face covered. This is to disallow chemicals to get into your mouth.
2. Do not allow chemicals to come in contact with your skin.
3. Always wash your hands with soap and water after use. It is even better to take a full bath after use.

DANGERS INVOLVED IN EXCESSIVE USE OF CHEMICALS

1. Chemicals can be toxic to the crop and kill our crops.
2. It can destroy the useful living things in the soil.
3. It can be washed into streams and rivers and kill fish and other water-living organisms.
4. Chemicals can cause water and air pollution
5. Some chemicals if they touch our skin, can burn the skin.

EVALUATION

1. List two safety measures in applying chemicals
2. State two dangers of excessive use of chemical

AGRIC SCIENCE PRIMARY FOUR SECOND TERM LESSON PLAN SCHEME OF WORK