Home econs for jss1 third term note

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Lesson Notes / Scheme of work

Primary 1  |  Primary 2Primary 3

Primary 4 |  Primary 5Primary 6

JSS1JSS2  | JSS3

SSS1SSS2  |  SSS3

Question Bank

Primary 1 |  Primary 2  |Primary3

Primary 4  | Primary5 Primary6

JSS1JSS2 |  JSS3

SSS1SSS2  |  SSS3

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Home econs for jss1 third term note

ELIAS INTERNATIONAL SCHOOLS

2-4 OLD OTTA ROAD, ILE-EPO BUS STOP, OKE-ODO, LAGOS

THIRD TERM E-NOTES FOR J.S.S. ONE HOME ECONOMICS

WEEK ONE TO WEEK TWELVE

 

SCHEME OF WORK

WEEKS TOPICS
1 Basic sewing processes: permanent stitches and temporary stitches
2 Basic sewing processes: decorative stitch e.g. satin, stem, herringbone e.t.c. seams.
3 Production of clothing and household articles/craft: list and explain simple relevant household articles and crafts, tools, equipments and materials for making a simple relevant articles and crafts.
4 (Practical work) Production of clothing and household articles/craft: construction of simple relevant articles e.g. apron, cap, bag, table mat, arm rest, head tie e.t.c.
5 & 6 Puberty and adolescence: meaning of Puberty and adolescence, signs of puberty in boys and girls, needs and challenges of the adolescence
7 Sexually transmitted infections (STIs, HIV/AIDs) meaning, causes, signs and prevention of STIs, HIV/AIDs.
8 Fundamental human right and rights of the child: enumerate the rights of the child
9 & 10 Entertainment in the home: meaning of entertainment, host/hostess, guests, importance of entertainment, preparation for entertainment, writing of invitation letter, types of entertainment styles e.g. cocktail, buffet, tray and table service, table laying.
11 & 12 Revision and Examination

 

 

 

 

WEEK:                      ONE

TOPIC:                      BASIC SEWING PROCESSES

SUB-TOPIC:             TEMPORARY AND PERMANENT STITCHES

CONTENT

STITCHING

Stiching is the process of passing threaded needle and thread in and out of a material to make a specific design. The design produced is made up of STITCHES.

 

IMPORTANCE OF STITICHES IN CLOTHING CONSTRUCTION

Stitches are used to:

  1. Join two or more pieces of fabric together.
  2. Make decorative designs on articles.
  • Mend tears in clothes.

 

TYPES OF STITCHES

There are broadly three types of stitches: the temporary, the permanent and the decorative stitches.

  1. TEMPORARY STITCHES:

These hold pieces of fabric together temporarily. They are removed as soon as they have served their purposes. Examples of temporary stitches are:

  1. EVEN BASTING OR TACKING: The stitches and spaces between them are equal. Work from right to left. Begin with the thread knotted or make a back stitch.
  2. UNEVEN BASTING OR TACKING: This is made up 0f short and long stitches.
  • DIAGONAL BASTING: This is useful for holding together two or more layers of materials to prevent them from slipping out of position until finally stitching is completed. Start with a knotted thread. Push the needle vertically through all layers.
  1. TAILOR’S TACKS: These are used for transferring pattern marking to two pieces of fabric at the same time. They are only suitable for thick strong cloth.

 

  1. PERMANENT STITCHES:

These are used for joining two or more separate pieces of material together permanently. The thread used should match the fabric in terms of texture and colour. Permanent stitches include:

  1. RUNNING STITCHES: This is used in making a line or in joining two pieces of material. To make, start with two backstitches. Then push the needle tip in and out of the material, making small regular stitches. Work one stitch at a time.
  2. BACK STITCH: This is a strong hand stitch that can be used in place of straight machine stitching. To make:
  3. Fasten on the thread.
  4. Take one long running stitch.
  5. Take a stitch back, and then bring the needle out again a little way along the seam line.
  6. Repeat to desired length.

 

  • OVER SEWING STITCH: This is a strong, fine, light stitch used to join finished edges together. To make:
  1. Bring folded edges together and insert needle through front edge.
  2. Slip needle through edges, at right angles to them, picking up little material.
  3. To end, sew back three or four stitches and slip needle between edges and cut thread.

 

  1. HEMMING STITCH: This is a slanting stitch used to hold down garment hems. It is worked from the wrong side of the garment. To make:
  2. Baste hem in position and press.
  3. Sew from right to left securing the thread.
  4. Slant the needle and pick about two threads from the fabric below the folded edge of the hem.
  5. Continue and end with two backward stitches. Cut off the thread.

 

Evaluation:

  1. Define stitching and stitches
  2. Enumerates the importance of stitches
  3. Classify stitches into temporary and permanent give their examples

Assignment:

  1. What is embroidery stitches?
  2. State five examples of embroidery stitches.

 

 

 

 

 

WEEK:                      TWO

TOPIC:                      BASIC SEWING PROCESSES (CONTD.)

SUB-TOPIC:             SIMPLE EMBROIDERY OR DECORATIVE STITCHES AND SEAM

CONTENT

EMBROIDERY OR DECORATIVE STITCHES

These are used for decorating the garments. Some can also be used for finishing raw edges. Examples include:

  1. STEM STITCH: This is useful for outlining designs. To make:
  2. Make the necessary design on fabric.
  3. Insert the needle at the tip of the line to be stitched.
  • Bring the needle out half- way down the space made before.
  1. The thread must be kept below the needle and the needle bought out exactly where the previous stitch finished.

 

  1. CHAIN STITCH: This gives an appearance of even back-stitch on the wrong side. To make
  2. Make necessary design.
  3. Fasten thread using backstitch.
  • Bring out needle and the thread a short distance away.
  1. Repeat and continue until the end.
  2. Fasten thread and cut off.

 

  1. SATIN STITCH: This is used for filling design, in making appliqué, etc. To make:
  2. Draw the design or motif.
  3. Insert the needle at one edge of the design.
  • Fasten with a few running stitches.
  1. Then insert needle again at the opposite edge.
  2. Return to the starting edge by passing the needle underneath the material.
  3. Repeat following the outline of the design.
  • Make stitches close together and parallel.

 

  1. FRENCH KNOTS: This can give a seeded effect of a motif or design. There are different variations of the French knots.

 

  1. HERRING- BONE STITCH: This is worked at two levels. It appears the same on both the right and wrong sides of the article.

SEAMS

A seam is the line of stitching that joins two or more pieces of cloth. There are different types of seams. It is important to choose the correct seam for any given article or part of garment.

 

POINTS TO CONSIDER WHEN CHOOSING A SEAM

  1. Kind of material or fabric being sewn. For instance, flat seams (e.g. run- and fell) are suitable for bulky materials like wool. French seam is suitable for thin material like silk.
  2. Purpose or use of the garment. For instance, flat seams are suitable for night gowns.
  3. The person to wear the clothes. For instance, flat seams such as run- and- fell seam are suitable for children’s clothes that require constant washing.
  4. Position of the seam. For instance, lapped seam is suitable for curved seams.

 

TYPES OF SEAMS

  1. OPEN OR PLAIN SEAM: This is the simplest and most commonly used seam. It has little bulk. It leaves raw edges that need to be finished or neaten. To make:
  2. Place the right side of material together.
  3. Mark seam line.
  • Pin, tack and sew from wrong side of fabric with proper seam allowance.
  1. Remove tacking thread and press open the seam.
  2. Finish or neaten the raw edges.

 

  1. FRENCH SEAM: This is a flat seam. It does not show from the right side. All raw edges are completely enclosed. It is suitable for children’s clothes. To make:
  2. Place wrong sides of fabric pieces together.
  • Pin and tack along fitting line (seam line).
  1. Remove pins and sew 3- 6mm nearer the edge than seam line, using back- stitch or machine.
  2. Trim the seam allowance carefully.
  3. Remove tacking and fold the fabric right sides together.
  • Roll the seam between fingers and thumbs until stitching is along the edge.
  • Tack and press into place.
  1. Sew along seam line.
  2. Remove tacking and press.
  3. RUN- AND- FELL SEAM: This lies flat with two rows of stitching on the right side of the garment. All raw edges are enclosed. Thus no extra neaten is required. It is strong and durable. To make:
  4. Place wrong side fabric together and make a plain seam.
  5. Press the seam to one side.
  • Trim the underneath seam allowance to about 3mm.
  1. Trim the upper seam allowance to about 10mm.
  2. Fold and press the upper seam allowance over the lower one.
  3. Sew through all layers close to the folded edge. Press.

 

  1. LAPPED OR OVERLAID SEAM: This is visible on the right side. It is very strong. It is commonly used on curved or pointed seams where stitching from the inside is difficult. It is also used to give decorative effect. To make:
  2. Mark the lapping lines on each pieces of fabric.
  3. Turn under the seam allowance on the overlay to the wrong side.
  • Press and tack into place.
  1. Prepare the underlay.
  2. Place the overlay right side up on the underlay. Match fitting lines, as well as patterns.
  3. Pin and tack the folded edge of the overlay onto the seam line of the underlay.
  • Sew 3- 6mm from the fold through all layers
  • Trim and neaten the seam allowances on the wrong side.

 

Evaluation:

  1. What is embroidery stitches?
  2. State five examples of embroidery stitches.
  • Define seams and give the examples

 

Assignment:

Make a chart showing different types of decorative stitches.

 

 

 

 

 

WEEK:          THREE & FOUR (PRACTICAL WEEKS)

TOPIC:          PRODUCTION OF CLOTHING AND HOUSEHOLD ARTICLES/CRAFTS

SUB-TOPIC:         TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT FOR MAKING HOUSEHOLD ARTICLES

Home econs for jss1 third term note

CONTENT

HOUSEHOLD ARTICLES/CRAFTS

Home economics teaches people to produce different types of articles or crafts for personal use or for the home. Students can produce some of these household crafts and sell them to make little pocket money.

SIMPLE RELEVANT HOUSEHOLD ARTICLES AND CRAFTS

  1. Apron
  2. Cap/head-tie
  3. Needle-Work bag
  4. Tray cloth
  5. Handkerchief
  6. Head-rest
  7. Table mat
  8. Purse curtain holder
  9. Bibs
  10. Arm-rest
  11. Shopping bag
  12. napkins
  13. Table cover
  14. Oven Gloves.

Home econs for jss1 third term note

MATERIALS, TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT NEEDED FOR PRODUCING

HOUSEHOLD ARTICLES/CRAFTS

  1. Plain or patterned cotton fabric
  2. Matching thread
  3. Needle
  4. Scissors
  5. Pieces of calico/baft cloth
  6. Sewing kit.

Evaluation & Assignment: students should produce different types of permanent, temporary and decorative stitches and also make simple household articles with the guidance of the teacher.

WEEK:                      FIVE & SIX

TOPIC:                      PUBERTY AND ADOLESCENCE

SUB-TOPIC:             NEEDS AND CHALLENGES OF ADOLESCENCE

CONTENT

 

MEANING OF PUBERTY;

Puberty is the short span of time which marks the beginning of sexual maturation. This period differs between boys and girls. Boys generally reach puberty at about the age of 14 years. Girls reach it at about 12 years of age. There are individual differences Therefore, these periods cannot be the same for everyone and for everybody.

Home econs for jss1 third term note

SIGNS OF PUBERTY IN BOYS

  1. Hair begin to grow on different parts of the body such as the armpit, pubic region,
  2. Beard around the jaw and a moustache above the upper lip.
  3. Voice breaks and becomes deeper.
  4. There is change in general body appearance as muscles develop. The boy may need Larger and new clothes.
  5. Sex organs develop. Sex glands called testicles produce spermatozoa or sperm.

 

SIGNS OF PUBERTY IN GIRLS

  1. The breasts develop.
  2. The body changes.
  3. Hair grows on her armpits and pubic region.
  4. Menstruation begins.
  5. There could be skin changes and problem such as pimples.

 

MEANING OF ADOLESCENCE

Adolescence is the period in every person’s life that lies between the end of childhood and the beginning of adulthood. It is a period of time a person matures and moves from childhood to adulthood. This is a period of life when you prepare to be an adult

 

ADOLESCENT

An adolescent boy or girl is someone that is passing through the adolescent period.

Home econs for jss1 third term note 

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Lesson Notes / Scheme of work

Primary 1  |  Primary 2Primary 3

Primary 4 |  Primary 5Primary 6

JSS1JSS2  | JSS3

SSS1SSS2  |  SSS3

Question Bank

Primary 1 |  Primary 2  |Primary3

Primary 4  | Primary5 Primary6

JSS1JSS2 |  JSS3

SSS1SSS2  |  SSS3

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