Lesson Notes / Scheme of work

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SOCIAL STUDIES PRIMARY 5 SECOND TERM SCHEME OF WORK LESSON NOTE

SECOND TERM

WKS TOPICS

1. Leadership

2. Organization and cooperation

– Meaning of organization and cooperation

– Types of organization and cooperation

– Why people live together

-Functions of various organization and cooperation

– Benefit of living together i.e. cooperation in

Solving common problems, protect one another,

Sharing of things together etc.

– Problems, bad feelings, harming one another etc.

3. Resources/Preservation (saving)

– What is resource preservation

– Mention types of saving e.g. Modern ways of

Saving money: thrift and credit, cooperatives,

Banks, insurances companies etc.

– Banking facilities in communities’ e.g.

Commercial bank, swing bank, micro-credit

Bank etc.

– Process of opening an account in the bank Lagos State Ministry of Education Schemes of work for Primary School

– Organized a drama small and large sized

Families difficulties in managing income.

4. Causes of poor savings

– Causes of poor savings e.g. High level of spending

Too many festivals and feast etc.

– Inability to manage ones income properly

– Practice savings e.g. personal savings, formal of

Keeping records of savings etc.

5. Resources Development

– Meaning of capital: capitals savings for further

Production

– Ways of raising funds: government source,

Through taxes, levies, loans, donations, grants,

Etc.

– Sources of funds e.g. Individual and group

Sources: saving loans, institution, donations etc.

– Identify the uses of funds e.g. establishment of

Industries, buying of proportion etc.

6. Resources Distribution

– Meaning of resources: e.g. used for further

Production

– Types of resources e.g. Land, labour, capital and

Entrepreneur.

– Why resources are not evenly distributed, e.g.

Nature, lack of access, location of raw materials,

Market etc.

– Problems of over concentration of industries e.g.

Pollution, high cost of living, unhealthy environment

Etc.

– Ways of ensuring even distributions of resources

E.g. provide social amenities in other places,

Policy for rural development should be

Introduced. Lagos State Ministry of Education Schemes of work for Primary School

7. Employment

– What is Employment?

– Concept of employment, unemployment and

Under-unemployment e.g. Employment: having

Jobs and earning income, unemployment: Not

Having jobs that earn income, under employment:

Not having jobs that attract sufficient income

– Causes of unemployment e.g. Economic,

Recession, lack of information, low investment,

Lack of necessary skills etc.

– What are the causes of underemployment e.g.

Lack of appropriate facilities, no conducive

Environment, poor management, lack of

Adequate training etc.

8. Wages and income

– Concept of wages and salaries e.g. Wages are

Not paid at regular interval, like money paid to

Workers at the end of the month.

Salaries: are paid at regular interval e.g. monthly

Salaries, both are payment for workers.

– Why some people can earn higher salaries than

Others e.g. level of qualifications, value of

Services, amount and quality of work done.

9. Communication

– Meaning of communication e.g. Information

Carried out from one place to another.

– Types of electronic communication devices that

Use electricity e.g. television, radio, telephone,

Fax, emails, and internet facilities etc.

– Uses of the devices e.g. Television: enlightenment

Entertainment, discussion of important public issues,

News etc.

– Problems of some of the devices e.g. poor Lagos State Ministry of Education Schemes of work for Primary School

Condition of the set, climatic changes, outdated

Facilities, irregular electricity supply etc.

10. Transportation

– Meaning of transportation e.g. Movement of

People or goods, from one place to another.

– Types of transportation e.g. Road, rail, sea, air

– Forms of land transport e.g. Roads by motor,

Vehicles, bicycles etc. Railway by train,

Trekking on foot.

– Draw the means of transportation on land and

Their associated modes

– Advantage of transportation e.g. movement is

Made easier movement is made faster, more

People and goods are transported easily.

– Identify the problems of land transportation e.g.

Poor conditions of vehicles, reckless drivers,

Bad roads, cost of spare parts none availability of

Expects etc.

– Solutions to problem of transportation e.g.

Patriotism, repaired and maintenance of road,

Effective supervision etc.

11. National water supply

– Definition of water e.g. is the necessities of life,

Animals, plants and human being cannot do with

Out water.

– Sources of water supply e.g. River, streams,

Lakes, sea, ocean, well, bore holes etc.

– Uses of water e.g. washing, drinking, bathing, for

Planting, cooking, for production etc.

12. National water supply

– Why water is sometimes scarce eg. Climate

Changes, wastage, burst pipes, plant failure, Lagos State Ministry of Education Schemes of work for Primary School

Irregular supply of electricity etc.

– Consequences of water shortage in Nigeria e.g.

Outbreak of water borne diseases, inadequate

Electricity supply etc.

– How to solve the problems of water shortage e.g.

Sink more bore holes, installation of modern

Facilities avoid dumping of refuses in river;

Avoid water wastage, more steady supply of electricity

Etc.

– Population and water supply e.g. Increase in

Population growth leads to increase demand for

Waters, available water supply becomes

Inadequate, creates needs form more water.

13. Revisions and Examinations

WEEK 1

PRIMARY 5

TOPIC: LEADERSHIP

PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES

By the end of the lesson, the pupils should be able to:

1. Define leadership.

2. Explain types of leadership.

3. List means of selecting a leader.

4. State functions of political leaders.

5. State how political parties are formed.

6. State characteristics of a good and bad leadership.

CONTENT

LEADER

Leader is the person who leads a group, organization, or country. A leader is a person who rules and guides or inspires others.

LEADERSHIP

Leadership is an act of leading people to achieve goals A leadership is the position or office that inspires people to do things..

TYPES OF LEADERSHIP

1. Elected leaders: these are leaders selected by a boy for an office or membership e.g. president, governor, class monitor, chairman.

2. Military Leaders: These are leaders that guides and direct affair of the army, navy and air force.

3. Religious Leaders: These are leaders of different religious bodies such as Christianity, Islamic religion, traditional religion.

4. Traditional leaders: they guide people according to the ways of customs and tradition e.g. king

5. Appointed leaders; these are chosen leaders because they have some training for leadership e.g. headmaster, companies directors.

HOW CAN A LEADERSHIP BE SELECTED

Leaders are selected by –

1. Election

2. Next of kins

3. Birth

4. Line of succession

5. Qualification

6. Loyalty

7. Hardworking

8. Expertise

9. Experience

10. Competencies

FUNCTION OF POLITICAL LEADERS

1. Political parties identify the needs of the people, which must be satisfied by the government.

2. They select and sponsor political leaders for various public offices.

3. They ensure that winners fulfill their election promises.

4. They let people of the country know how to vote for the right candidates.

5. They ensure peace and monitor the political activities of elected officials.

6. They discipline (punish) members who have disobeyed the rules of the party.

7. They prepare a plan on how to rule if the party wins.

 FORMATION OF POLITICAL PARTIES AND CHANGES

Political parties are usually formed through the following steps:

1. A group of people come together and agree to form a political party.

2. These people choose a leader and other officers to work for the party.

3. The people open an office in the capital city of the country, to be known as the headquarters of the party.

4. They set up offices in all the states in the country.

5. They apply to the electoral commission for registration.

6. If the electoral commission finds out that the proposed party has met all the requirements, the party is registered.

CHARACTERISTICS OF A GOOD

1. Honesty and integrity

2. Confidence

3. Inspire others

4. Commitment and passion

5. Good communicator

6. Creativity and innovation

7. Decision-making capabilities

8. Accountability

9. Delegation and empowerment

10. Empathy

Characteristics of a bad leader are the opposite characteristics of a good leader.

ADVANTAGES OF TRADITIONAL LEADERS

1. Promote peace and unity among the people

2. Advises government on the problems and need of the people

3. Preserve and protect the cultural beliefs and practices of the people.

DISADVANTAGES OF TRADITIONAL LEADERS

1. Sometimes some are selfish

2. since theycan’t be voted out of power easily, they use their position to suffer some persons in the community.

3. Some are not able to preserve the tradition of the people.

ADVANTAGES OF MILITARY LEADERS

1. They defend the country from attacks from other country

2. They make sure people are safe.

DISADVANTAGES OF MILITARY LEADERS

1. They respect nobody sometimes

2. They are not train to lead the people, so the people might not get impact from them.

3. Loss of lives during coup

ADVANTAGES OF RELIGIOUS LEADER

1. They teach the people morals and spiritual lessons.

2. They guide and counsel the people

3. They give hope to the people

4. That takes care of the needy

DISADVANTAGES OF RELIGIOUS LEADER

1. Some collect excess money from the people

2. Some mislead the people

3. Some have selfish interest

ADVANTAGES OF APPOINTED LEADERS

1. They work according to the peoples wish

2. They bring fast development to their communities

3. They try to achieve the target of the people

DISADVANTAGES OF APPOINTED LEADERS

1. There will be no development if the wrong person is appointed

2. Bad appointment will make people lose hope

3. Some behave rudely due to god fatherism

WEEK 2

TOPIC: ORGANISATION AND CO-OPERATION

.

WEEK 3&4

TOPIC: Preservation of resources (Savings)

Behavioral Objectives

By the end of the theme, you will be able to:

1 explain what resource preservation means.

2 identify how people saved money in the past.

3 identify how people save money in these modern times.

4 explain how family size and income affect savings.

5 identify causes of poor saving.

6 explain why saving money is importan

CONTENT

Meaning of preservation of resources

Preservation is the process of keeping things for future use. Reserve preservation is the proper use of our resources, like money and other material resources.

 How people save their money in the locality and why

Money is very important. We use it to buy the food we eat and the books we read in school. We also use it to pay our school fees and to buy other things we need. Without money, the government cannot provide us with the essential services we need. Schools, hospitals, electricity and pipe-borne water are provided with money. This is why money should be saved for future use.

 How money was saved in the past

In the past, many people kept their money at home, especially under their beds.

Some dug up the floor of their houses and buried their money there. Some kept their money in such secret places as rocks, rooftops and shrines. Others kept their money, trinkets and other precious things in trunks and hollows of trees.

Modern ways of saving money

Nowadays, there are many safe places where money can be kept. Money can be kept with banks, thrift and credit societies, cooperative societies, insurance companies and mortgage houses. A person may also buy shares in a company. By doing so, the person becomes one of the owners of the company. This is another way of saving money. A little amount money can still be kept at home. It should not be more than the amount of money that we can use to buy food and other things we need at short notice.

If we do not keep some money in the house, we may have to go to the bank everyday to withdraw money for our need. This leads to waste of time and energy. Nowadays, however, we can withdraw money from any Automated Teller Machine (ATM) in any bank close to us for any urgent need, even on weekends and holidays. So we do not have to enter into the banking hall or wait until banks are opened to withdraw money. We withdraw money from ATM with our ATM cards, issued by Visa, Verve or Master Card.

Banking facilities in the locality

Keeping money in a commercial bank

We can keep or save money in a commercial bank. There are many commercial banks in the country. Some of the commercial banks in Nigeria are the First Bank of Nigeria, United Bank for Africa, Union Bank of Nigeria, Ecobank, GTBank, Skye Bank and Zenith Bank.

We can open a savings account in any of the banks close to us. To open

an account, we will fill certain forms and put our usual signature. Then, we will fill another form called a pay-in-slip or deposit slip. On this form, we will fill in the amount of money with which we want to open the account. The bank cashier  will then enter the amount in a computer and hand over a duplicate copy of the slip to us. To pay in money, we will first fill in the pay-in-slip and then write the correct

amount.

To withdraw money from our savings account, we will fill a withdrawal form or

slip and give it to the cashier who will take the amount from our account and give

us the money.

Banks also give interest on savings accounts. We can also open a current

account. Cheques are used to withdraw money from a current account.

Keeping money in a mortgage bank

People also save money in a mortgage bank. A mortgage bank is not a commercial bank. If someone saves money in a mortgage bank, it is for a special purpose. The mortgage bank helps people to save money, so that they can build their own houses with the help of the bank.

People can open an account in any branch of a mortgage bank, and must save a fixed amount of money in the bank every month. A person having an account in a mortgage bank can apply for a loan to build a house.

If the cost of the house is, for example, three hundred thousand naira ($300000.00), the person must have saved one-third of this amount before the bank can give him or her two hundred thousand naira. This means that the bank lends the person two-thirds of the cost of the house.

Other places where we can also keep our money are thrift and credit societies, insurance companies, and cooperative societies.

How family size and income affect savings

A lot of money is needed to maintain a large family. For instance, money is needed to pay bills like house rents, electricity bills, water rate and school fees. Money is also needed to provide food, clothes and other items for the family.

When the family is too large, then it will be difficult to maintain such a family. Saving up some money, therefore, becomes difficult or even impossible. Also, one cannot save if the income realised in the family is little. Bad economy and decrease in the standard of living in our society can also make it difficult to maintain a large family. These things also prevent savings. Other causes of poor savings include:

1 Inability to manage income properly.

2 High level of spending.

3 Having too many financial obligations or responsibilities.

 Why we have to save money in modern ways

We must save money in modern ways for the following reasons:

1 We save money to earn interest or profit on it.

2 We save money to prevent it from being stolen by armed robbers or thieves.

3 We save money in order to make it possible to borrow large amounts of money.

4 We save money in order to have it for use when needed.

ASSIGNMENT

A Choose the best answers for the following questions:

1 _____________ is the process of keeping things for future use.

A Restoration B Preservation

C Investment D Investigation

2 _____________is the proper use of our resources and other material resources.

A Resource usage B Resource pushing

C Resource keeping D Resource preservation

3 Money can be used to provide _____________ for the children.

A schools B hospitals

C pipe-borne water D all of the above

4 In the past, people kept their money _____________.

A with pastors B at home

C in the bank D on the mountains

5 In the past, some people dug the floors of their houses to _____________ their money there.

A plant B throw C bury D wrap

6 One of the safe places to keep our money is _____________.

A at home B with mallams

C the village D the bank

7 Other safe places where we can keep our money are _____________.

A thrift and credit societies C cooperative societies

B insurance companies D all of the above

8 Not keeping some money at home for our use will make us go to the bank

all the time we need money, and it _____________ our time and energy.

A saves B adds to

C wastes D increases

9 One can buy the _____________ of a company to become one of the

owners of the company.

A property B shares

C cars D building

10 To save money in a bank, we need to open an/a ______________ with the

bank.

A agreement B account

C shop D house

11 To pay in money into a bank account, we will first fill in the _____________

and then write the correct amount.

A demand slip B pay-in-slip

C cheque D withdrawal slip

12 To withdraw money from our bank savings account, we will fill in a

_____________ and give it to the cashier.

A deposit slip B paper slip

C reference form D withdrawal form

13 _____________ is used to withdraw money from a current account.

A Paper B Deposit slip

C Teller D Cheque

14 _____________ helps people to save money so that they can build their

own houses.

A Commercial bank B Central bank

C Agricultural bank D Mortgage bank

15 _____________ is an example of a commercial bank.

A Union bank plc B First bank plC

WEEK 5

TOPIC: RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT – CAPITAL

PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES

At the end of this lesson, Pupils should be able to know:

Meaning of resources

Ways of raising funds

Government Sources of funds

Individual and group Sources of funds

Uses of funds

REFERENCE MATERIALS

NERDC Basic Education Curriculum for primary school.

Lagos State Scheme of Work

Unified Schemes of Work Primary Schools four Social Studies (MIDDLE BASIC)

Internet.

Social Studies Textbooks for Primary Schools

ENTRY BEHAVIOUR/ PREVIOUS LESSON: the students are familiar with saving.

CONTENT

Capital is the Wealth in the form of money or property owned by a person or business, government that that is invested or put into a business and human resources of economic value.

Government uses capital in providing good services to the people.

GOVERNMENT SOURCES OF FUNDS

Taxes, and levies

Market fees

Custom and excise duties

Loans

Donation from organization, individual

Grants

Properties sales

Driving licenses fees

 Business registration fees

Water rate

Electricity bills

Toll gate fees

Investment

INDIVIDUAL AND GROUP SOURCES OF FUNDS

Personal savings

Spend wisely

Investment

Exports of goods

Getting loans

Asking from friends

Donation

Through fundraising program

Through cooperative society

USES OF FUNDS

Establishment of industries

Buying of properties

it is used establishing business

it is used for financing projects

it is used for grants and donations.

it is used for foreign exchange.

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURE

The Teacher revises the previous lesson.

The Teacher introduces the topic

The Teacher explains the lessons.

EVALUATIVE ACTIVITIES

List three causes of poor savings

Mention ways How children can practice saving

CONCLUSION: the teacher summarizes the lesson.

WEEK 6

TOPIC: RESOURCES DISTRIBUTION

PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES

At the end of this lesson, Pupils should be able to know:

Meaning of resources

Types of resources

Why resources are not evenly distributed

Problems of over concentration of industries.

Ways of ensuing even distribution of resources

REFERENCE MATERIALS

NERDC Basic Education Curriculum for primary school.

Lagos State Scheme of Work

Unified Schemes of Work Primary Schools four Social Studies (MIDDLE BASIC)

Internet.

Social Studies TextBooks for Primary Schools.

ENTRY BEHAVIOUR/ PREVIOUS LESSON: the students are familiar with resources development.

 CONTENT

What are resources? Resources are available source of wealth.  They are materials used to develop ourselves and the society. The resources could be human or material.

Types of resources

Capital: these could be money, building, roads, electricity, and equipment.

Labor: these are work done for wages by human e.g. teacher, nurses, lawyer, doctor, etc.

Land: it is a natural resource. These are water, mineral resources, mountains, forest, etc.

Entrepreneur: it is a human resource. He/she thinks of things to produce that is beneficial to human and society.

WHY RESOURCES ARE NOT DISTRIBUTED EVENLY

Resources are not distributed evenly because we need each other to survive and work together.

Nature

Lack of access

Location of raw materials

Markets

FACTORS THAT DETERMINE LOCATIONS OF INDUSTRIES

Supply of electricity.

Availability of the market.

High cost of living

Availability of raw materials

Availability of workers

Government policies such as tax holidays

PROBLEMS OF OVER CONSECRATION OF INDUSTRIES

Unhealthy environment

High cost of living

High cost of food other commodities

Shortage of facilities like water, electricity

Environmental pollution

Overpopulation

Ways of ensuring even distribution of resources

Provision of social amenities.

Policy for rural development should be introduced.

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURE

The Teacher revises the previous lesson .

The Teacher introduces the topic

The Teacher explains the lessons.

EVALUATIVE ACTIVITIES

Meaning of resources

Mention the Types of resources

Why resources are not evenly distributed

Problems of over concentration of industries.

Ways of ensuing even distribution of resources

CONCLUSION: the teacher summarizes the lesson.

WEEK 7

TOPIC: EMPLOYMENT

PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES

At the end of this lesson, Pupils should be able to know:

What is employment?

Concept of employment

Causes of unemployment

What are the causes of underemployment?

REFERENCE MATERIALS

NERDC Basic Education Curriculum for primary school.

Lagos State Scheme of Work

Unified Schemes of Work Primary Schools four Social Studies (MIDDLE BASIC)

Internet.\

Social Studies Textbooks for Primary Schools.

ENTRY BEHAVIOUR/ PREVIOUS LESSON: the students are familiar with resources distribution.

 CONTENT

Employment is the state of having a Job or being employed. It is the work you do for which you are paid.

UNEMPLOYMENT: is the state of not having a Job or not being employed. That is there is no work to do to earn money.

UNDER – EMPLOYMENT: it is when a person is over qualified for the job he/she is doing. For example an engineer who accept to be a primary school teacher.

CAUSES OF UNEMPLOYMENT

Few jobs are available

Lack of information

Corruption

Few industries

Increase in Population

Tribalism

Lack of the required skills by applicants

Poor economy

Bad Government

War

Famine and drought

Discrimination

Racism

CAUSES OF UNDEREMPLOYMENT IN THE PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTORS

Lack of adequate facilities

Lack of adequate training

Poor management of resources

No conducive environment

EFFECTS/ PROBLEMS OF UNEMPLOYMENT underemployment

Unskillfulness

Low living standard

High rate of criminals

Low production

Unhappiness

Reduces the growth of development of the economy

Poverty

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURE

The Teacher revises the previous lesson

The Teacher introduces the topic

The Teacher explains the lessons.

EVALUATIVE ACTIVITIES

What is employment?

What is underemployment?

Mention three Causes of unemployment

List three causes of underemployment

CONCLUSION: the teacher summarizes the lesson.

WEEK 8

TOPIC: WAGES AND INCOME

PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES

At the end of this lesson, Pupils should be able to know:

Concept of wages and salary

Why some people earn higher salaries than others

REFERENCE MATERIALS

NERDC Basic Education Curriculum for primary school.

Lagos State Scheme of Work

Unified Schemes of Work Primary Schools four Social Studies (MIDDLE BASIC)

Internet.

 Social Studies Textbooks for Primary Schools.

ENTRY BEHAVIOUR/ PREVIOUS LESSON: the students are familiar with.

CONTENT

CONCEPT OF WAGES AND SALARIES

Wages and salary are the money given to a person after working.

WAGES is the Money that is paid regularly (hourly, daily, weekly) for doing work while SALARY is the Money that is paid monthly to a worker for doing work.

Employment is the state of having a Job or being employed. It is the work you do for which you are paid.

UNEMPLOYMENT: is the state of not having a Job or not being employed. That is there is no work to do to earn money.

UNDER – EMPLOYMENT: it is when a person is over qualified for the job he/she is doing. For example an engineer who accept to be a primary school teacher.

Causes of unemployment

1 Shortage of money: When government and private companies have little money to pay salaries, many people may be sacked, and so become unemployed.

2 Underdevelopment: Some countries are yet to develop. As a result, many industries, large business firms or large farms that can employ many people cannot be set up there. The few places of work can only employ a few people.

The rest of the people are, therefore, unemployed.

3 Lack of necessary skills: Some people do not have the requisite skills (skills needed to do a particular job) or qualifications to get employment. Such people may be refused employment in companies and industries, and they become unemployed.

4 Overpopulation: If there are too many people for the available jobs, unemployment may occur.

5 Laziness: Some people are too lazy to do any serious work. Instead, they prefer to beg.

6 Inability to work: There are handicapped people, many of who are not capable of working. They include the deaf and dumb, crippled people, and blind people. Many of these people may not be able to do regular jobs because of their disability.

WHY SOME PEOPLE EARN HIGHER SALARIES THAN OTHERS

The following are reasons why some people earn higher than others

 Level of qualification

The value of services

Amount and the quantity of work done.

Negotiation skill

Employer and employee Relationship

Gender

Trade union support

SOME ACTIONS TAKEN BY WORKERS THAT FEELS THEY ARE UNDERPAID

They go on strike

Some will quit their job

They may dialogue with the authorities

They may petition the authorities

Demonstration protest

Suing of management

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURE

The Teacher revises the previous lesson

The Teacher introduces the topic

The Teacher explains the lessons.

EVALUATIVE ACTIVITIES

Differentiate of wages and salary

Mention three reasons why some people earn higher salaries than others

List three actions taken by workers that feel they are underpaid

CONCLUSION: the teacher summarizes the lesson.

WEEK 9

TOPIC: COMMUNICATION

PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES

At the end of this Unit, Pupils should be able to know:

Meaning of communication

Types of electronic communication

Uses of the devices

Problems of some of the devices

REFERENCE MATERIALS

NERDC Basic Education Curriculum for primary school.

Lagos State Scheme of Work

Unified Schemes of Work Primary Schools four Social Studies (MIDDLE BASIC)

Internet.

Social Studies Textbooks for Primary Schools.

ENTRY BEHAVIOUR/ PREVIOUS LESSON: the students are familiar with wages and income

 CONTENT

Communication is information that is carried from one place to another.

Electronic communication is the communication through the use of computer.

Electronic communication devices are device that send and receive messages through electronic means.

TYPES OF ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATION DEVICES THAT USES ELECTRICITY

Television

Telephone

Fax machine

Internet facilities

Video player

Email

USES OF ELECTRONIC DEVICES

Television and radio uses

Television is used for enlightenment and entertainment

 To listen to news

Teach people different things about life.

 Telephone, fax, telex uses

Used to send personal messages to individuals

PROBLEMS OF SOME OF THE DEVICES

Carelessness

Not following device instruction manual

Low electricity supply

Too old for use (outdated)

Climate changes

Electrical faults

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURE

The Teacher revises the previous lesson (WAGES AND INCOME).

The Teacher introduces the topic

The Teacher explains the lessons.

EVALUATIVE ACTIVITIES

Meaning of communication

Types of electronic communication

Uses of the devices

Problems of some of the devices

CONCLUSION: the teacher summarizes the lesson.

WEEK 10

TOPIC: TRANSPORTATION – LAND TRANSPORTATION

PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES

At the end of this lesson, Pupils should be able to know:

Meaning of transportation

Types of transportation

Forms of land transport

Advantages of transportation

Identify the problem of land transportation

Solution to problems of land transportation

REFERENCE MATERIALS

NERDC Basic Education Curriculum for primary school.

Lagos State Scheme of Work

Unified Schemes of Work Primary Schools four Social Studies (MIDDLE BASIC)

Internet.

Social Studies Textbooks for Primary Schools.

ENTRY BEHAVIOUR/ PREVIOUS LESSON: the students are familiar with communication.

CONTENT

Transportation is the act of moving something from one location to another.

LAND TRANSPORT is the movement of people and materials from one place to another on land.

Types of transportation

Road transport; car, vehicle, bicycle.

 Rail transport;  train

Sea transport; ship, ferries

Air transport; airplanes, helicopter

FORMS OF LAND TRANSPORTATION

Road transport

Buses

Bicycles

Motorcycle

Motor cars

Lorries

Donkey

Horses

Camels

Trains: trains are used to carry people and goods from one place to the other using railway tracks.

Trekking: it is the oldest and slowest form of transportation. Human and animal move from places is places with our legs.

ADVANTAGES OF TRANSPORTATION

Movement of goods and people is easier

Movement of goods is faster

PROBLEMS OF LAND TRANSPORTATION

Bad roads

Bad vehicles

Non availability of machine part

High cost of spare part

Lack of expert

Inabilities of drivers to read and write

Overloading of vehicles

SOLUTION TO PROBLEMS OF TRANSPORTATION

Effective supervision

Patriotism

Spoilt road should be  repaired and maintained

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURE

The Teacher revises the previous lesson (COMMUNICATION).

The Teacher introduces the topic (LAND TRANSPORTATION)

The Teacher explains the lessons.

EVALUATIVE ACTIVITIES

Meaning of transportation

List the Types of transportation

Mention the Forms of land transport

List three Advantages of transportation

Identify the problem of land transportation

Mention the Solution to problems of land transportation

CONCLUSION: the teacher summarize the lesson

WEEK 11

TOPIC: NATIONAL WATER SUPPLY

PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES

At the end of this Unit, Pupils should be able to know:

Definition of water

Sources of water

Uses of water

Why water is scarce sometime

Consequences of  water shortage in Nigeria

How to solve the problems of water shortage

Population and water supply

REFERENCE MATERIALS

NERDC Basic Education Curriculum for primary school.

Lagos State Scheme of Work

Unified Schemes of Work Primary Schools four Social Studies (MIDDLE BASIC)

Internet.

Social Studies Text Books for Primary Schools.

ENTRY BEHAVIOUR/ PREVIOUS LESSON: the students are familiar with land transportation.

CONTENT

Water is clearly colorless, odorless and tasteless liquid. Water is very important to all living things (human, animals, and plants).

SOURCES OF WATER

Natural sources

Man – made sources

NATURAL SOURCES OF WATER

Spring water

Rain water

River

Lake

Sea

Ocean

MAN MADE OR ARTIFICIAL SOURCES OF WATER

Bore –hole

Irrigation

Pipe- borne water

Dam

USES OF WATER

The following are some ways we make use of water.

Domestic purpose such as washing, bathing, drinking, flower wetting, cooking.

Transportation purposes: ships. Boats, canoes move on water.

Industrial uses: used for cooling machines, for mixing chemicals, washing equipment.

Agricultural purposes: crops and animal needs water to survive.

It used to aid our digestive system.

PERSONS AND AGENCIES INVOLVED IN THE PROVISION OF WATER

The Engineers and Public health worker work with the following agencies to provide water to the society.

Water cooperation

Ministry of agriculture and national resources

Water board

Ministry of water resources

WHY WATER IS SOMETIMES SCARCE

Irregular supply of electricity

Climate change

Water rate payment delay

Increase in population

Lack of expert to fix some water machine  issues

Burst pipes

Plant (generator) failure

Lack of funds to buy spare part.

CONSEQUENCES OF WATER SHORTAGE

Outbreak of Water borne diseases

Inadequate electricity

Low income from business owner working with water

Closure of industries

Lack of food crop

Death

HOW TO SOLVE PROBLEM OF WATER SHORTAGE

Government should provide enough funds for water project and maintenance

Maintenance should be carried out when necessary

Provision of sufficient spare part

Quick repair of damaged pipe

Steady supply of electricity

More boreholes should be available

Dumping of refuse in rivers should not be allowed

 POPULATION AND WATER SUPPLY

Increase in population growth leads to increase demand for waters, available water supply becomes inadequate, creates needs for more water.

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURE

The Teacher revises the previous lesson (LAND TRANSPORTATION)

The Teacher introduces the topic (NATIONAL WATER SUPPLY)

The Teacher explains the lessons.

EVALUATIVE ACTIVITIES

What is  water

Mention five Sources of water

List five Uses of water

Why water is scarce sometime

Identify the Consequences of  water shortage in Nigeria

State three ways on How to solve the problems of water shortage

How can Population affect water supply

CONCLUSION: the teacher summarize the lesson.

WEEK 12

TOPIC: NATIONAL WATER SUPPLY

PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES

At the end of this Unit, Pupils should be able to know:

Definition of water

Sources of water

Uses of water

Why water is scarce sometime

Consequences of  water shortage in Nigeria

How to solve the problems of water shortage

Population and water supply

TEACHING AND LEARNING MATERIALS

Whiteboard/ chalkboard

Interactive poster

Interactive video

TEACHING METHOD

Explanation

Discussion

Questions and Answers

REFERENCE MATERIALS

NERDC Basic Education Curriculum for primary school.

Lagos State Scheme of Work

Unified Schemes of Work Primary Schools four Social Studies (MIDDLE BASIC)

Internet.

Social Studies Text Books for Primary Schools.

ENTRY BEHAVIOUR/ PREVIOUS LESSON: the students are familiar with land transportation.

CONTENT

Water is clearly colorless, odorless and tasteless liquid. Water is very important to all living things (human, animals, and plants).

SOURCES OF WATER

Natural sources

Man – made sources

NATURAL SOURCES OF WATER

Spring water

Rain water

River

Lake

Sea

Ocean

MAN MADE OR ARTIFICIAL SOURCES OF WATER

Bore –hole

Irrigation

Pipe- borne water

Dam

USES OF WATER

The following are some ways we make use of water.

Domestic purpose such as washing, bathing, drinking, flower wetting, cooking.

Transportation purposes: ships. Boats, canoes moves on water.

Industrial uses: used for cooling machines, for mixing chemicals, washing equipment.

Agricultural purposes: crops and animal needs water to survive.

It used to aid our digestive system.

PERSONS AND AGENCIES INVOLVED IN THE PROVISION OF WATER

The Engineers and Public health worker work with the following agencies to provide water to the society.

Water cooperation

Ministry of agriculture and national resources

Water board

Ministry of water resources

WHY WATER IS SOMETIMES SCARCE

Irregular supply of electricity

Climate change

Water rate payment delay

Increase in population

Lack of expert to fix some water machine  issues

Burst pipes

Plant (generator) failure

Lack of funds to buy spare part.

CONSEQUENCES OF WATER SHORTAGE

Outbreak of Water borne diseases

Inadequate electricity

Low income from business owner working with water

Closure of industries

Lack of food crop

Death

HOW TO SOLVE PROBLEM OF WATER SHORTAGE

Government should provide enough funds for water project and maintenance

Maintenance should be carried out when necessary

Provision of sufficient spare part

Quick repair of damaged pipe

Steady supply of electricity

More boreholes should be available

Dumping of refuse in rivers should not be allowed

 POPULATION AND WATER SUPPLY

Increase in population growth leads to increase demand for waters, available water supply becomes inadequate, creates needs for more water.

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURE

The Teacher revises the previous lesson (LAND TRANSPORTATION)

The Teacher introduces the topic (NATIONAL WATER SUPPLY)

The Teacher explains the lessons.

EVALUATIVE ACTIVITIES

What is water

Mention five Sources of water

List five Uses of water

Why water is scarce sometime

Identify the Consequences of water shortage in Nigeria

State three ways on How to solve the problems of water shortage

How can Population affect water supply

CONCLUSION: the teacher summarizes the lesson.

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