SOCIAL STUDIES PRIMARY 5 SECOND TERM SCHEME OF WORK LESSON NOTE
PRIMARY FIVE SOCIAL STUDIES
SECOND TERM
WKS TOPICS
- Leadership
- Organization and cooperation
– Meaning of organization and cooperation
– Types of organization and cooperation
– Why people live together
-Functions of various organization and cooperation
– Benefit of living together i.e. cooperation in
Solving common problems, protect one another,
Sharing of things together etc.
– Problems, bad feelings, harming one another etc.
- Resources/Preservation (saving)
– What is resource preservation
– Mention types of saving e.g. Modern ways of
Saving money: thrift and credit, cooperatives,
Banks, insurances companies etc.
– Banking facilities in communities’ e.g.
Commercial bank, swing bank, micro-credit
Bank etc.
– Process of opening an account in the bank Lagos State Ministry of Education Schemes of work for Primary School
– Organized a drama small and large sized
Families difficulties in managing income.
- Causes of poor savings
– Causes of poor savings e.g. High level of spending
Too many festivals and feast etc.
– Inability to manage ones income properly
– Practice savings e.g. personal savings, formal of
Keeping records of savings etc.
- Resources Development
– Meaning of capital: capitals savings for further
Production
– Ways of raising funds: government source,
Through taxes, levies, loans, donations, grants,
Etc.
– Sources of funds e.g. Individual and group
Sources: saving loans, institution, donations etc.
– Identify the uses of funds e.g. establishment of
Industries, buying of proportion etc.
- Resources Distribution
– Meaning of resources: e.g. used for further
Production
– Types of resources e.g. Land, labour, capital and
Entrepreneur.
– Why resources are not evenly distributed, e.g.
Nature, lack of access, location of raw materials,
Market etc.
– Problems of over concentration of industries e.g.
Pollution, high cost of living, unhealthy environment
Etc.
– Ways of ensuring even distributions of resources
E.g. provide social amenities in other places,
Policy for rural development should be
Introduced. Lagos State Ministry of Education Schemes of work for Primary School
- Employment
– What is Employment?
– Concept of employment, unemployment and
Under-unemployment e.g. Employment: having
Jobs and earning income, unemployment: Not
Having jobs that earn income, under employment:
Not having jobs that attract sufficient income
– Causes of unemployment e.g. Economic,
Recession, lack of information, low investment,
Lack of necessary skills etc.
– What are the causes of underemployment e.g.
Lack of appropriate facilities, no conducive
Environment, poor management, lack of
Adequate training etc.
- Wages and income
– Concept of wages and salaries e.g. Wages are
Not paid at regular interval, like money paid to
Workers at the end of the month.
Salaries: are paid at regular interval e.g. monthly
Salaries, both are payment for workers.
– Why some people can earn higher salaries than
Others e.g. level of qualifications, value of
Services, amount and quality of work done.
- Communication
– Meaning of communication e.g. Information
Carried out from one place to another.
– Types of electronic communication devices that
Use electricity e.g. television, radio, telephone,
Fax, emails, and internet facilities etc.
– Uses of the devices e.g. Television: enlightenment
Entertainment, discussion of important public issues,
News etc.
– Problems of some of the devices e.g. poor Lagos State Ministry of Education Schemes of work for Primary School
Condition of the set, climatic changes, outdated
Facilities, irregular electricity supply etc.
- Transportation
– Meaning of transportation e.g. Movement of
People or goods, from one place to another.
– Types of transportation e.g. Road, rail, sea, air
– Forms of land transport e.g. Roads by motor,
Vehicles, bicycles etc. Railway by train,
Trekking on foot.
– Draw the means of transportation on land and
Their associated modes
– Advantage of transportation e.g. movement is
Made easier movement is made faster, more
People and goods are transported easily.
– Identify the problems of land transportation e.g.
Poor conditions of vehicles, reckless drivers,
Bad roads, cost of spare parts none availability of
Expects etc.
– Solutions to problem of transportation e.g.
Patriotism, repaired and maintenance of road,
Effective supervision etc.
- National water supply
– Definition of water e.g. is the necessities of life,
Animals, plants and human being cannot do with
Out water.
– Sources of water supply e.g. River, streams,
Lakes, sea, ocean, well, bore holes etc.
– Uses of water e.g. washing, drinking, bathing, for
Planting, cooking, for production etc.
- National water supply
– Why water is sometimes scarce eg. Climate
Changes, wastage, burst pipes, plant failure, Lagos State Ministry of Education Schemes of work for Primary School
Irregular supply of electricity etc.
– Consequences of water shortage in Nigeria e.g.
Outbreak of water borne diseases, inadequate
Electricity supply etc.
– How to solve the problems of water shortage e.g.
Sink more bore holes, installation of modern
Facilities avoid dumping of refuses in river;
Avoid water wastage, more steady supply of electricity
Etc.
– Population and water supply e.g. Increase in
Population growth leads to increase demand for
Waters, available water supply becomes
Inadequate, creates needs form more water.
- Revisions and Examinations
WEEK 1
PRIMARY 5
TOPIC: LEADERSHIP
PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES
By the end of the lesson, the pupils should be able to:
- Define leadership.
- Explain types of leadership.
- List means of selecting a leader.
- State functions of political leaders.
- State how political parties are formed.
- State characteristics of a good and bad leadership.
CONTENT
LEADER
Leader is the person who leads a group, organization, or country. A leader is a person who rules and guides or inspires others.
LEADERSHIP
Leadership is an act of leading people to achieve goals A leadership is the position or office that inspires people to do things..
TYPES OF LEADERSHIP
- Elected leaders: these are leaders selected by a boy for an office or membership e.g. president, governor, class monitor, chairman.
- Military Leaders: These are leaders that guides and direct affair of the army, navy and air force.
- Religious Leaders: These are leaders of different religious bodies such as Christianity, Islamic religion, traditional religion.
- Traditional leaders: they guide people according to the ways of customs and tradition e.g. king
- Appointed leaders; these are chosen leaders because they have some training for leadership e.g. headmaster, companies directors.
HOW CAN A LEADERSHIP BE SELECTED
Leaders are selected by –
- Election
- Next of kins
- Birth
- Line of succession
- Qualification
- Loyalty
- Hardworking
- Expertise
- Experience
- Competencies
FUNCTION OF POLITICAL LEADERS
- Political parties identify the needs of the people, which must be satisfied by the government.
- They select and sponsor political leaders for various public offices.
- They ensure that winners fulfill their election promises.
- They let people of the country know how to vote for the right candidates.
- They ensure peace and monitor the political activities of elected officials.
- They discipline (punish) members who have disobeyed the rules of the party.
- They prepare a plan on how to rule if the party wins.
FORMATION OF POLITICAL PARTIES AND CHANGES
Political parties are usually formed through the following steps:
- A group of people come together and agree to form a political party.
- These people choose a leader and other officers to work for the party.
- The people open an office in the capital city of the country, to be known as the headquarters of the party.
- They set up offices in all the states in the country.
- They apply to the electoral commission for registration.
- If the electoral commission finds out that the proposed party has met all the requirements, the party is registered.
CHARACTERISTICS OF A GOOD
- Honesty and integrity
- Confidence
- Inspire others
- Commitment and passion
- Good communicator
- Creativity and innovation
- Decision-making capabilities
- Accountability
- Delegation and empowerment
- Empathy
Characteristics of a bad leader are the opposite characteristics of a good leader.
ADVANTAGES OF TRADITIONAL LEADERS
- Promote peace and unity among the people
- Advises government on the problems and need of the people
- Preserve and protect the cultural beliefs and practices of the people.
DISADVANTAGES OF TRADITIONAL LEADERS
- Sometimes some are selfish
- since theycan’t be voted out of power easily, they use their position to suffer some persons in the community.
- Some are not able to preserve the tradition of the people.
ADVANTAGES OF MILITARY LEADERS
- They defend the country from attacks from other country
- They make sure people are safe.
DISADVANTAGES OF MILITARY LEADERS
- They respect nobody sometimes
- They are not train to lead the people, so the people might not get impact from them.
- Loss of lives during coup
ADVANTAGES OF RELIGIOUS LEADER
- They teach the people morals and spiritual lessons.
- They guide and counsel the people
- They give hope to the people
- That takes care of the needy
DISADVANTAGES OF RELIGIOUS LEADER
- Some collect excess money from the people
- Some mislead the people
- Some have selfish interest
ADVANTAGES OF APPOINTED LEADERS
- They work according to the peoples wish
- They bring fast development to their communities
- They try to achieve the target of the people
DISADVANTAGES OF APPOINTED LEADERS
- There will be no development if the wrong person is appointed
- Bad appointment will make people lose hope
- Some behave rudely due to god fatherism
WEEK 2
TOPIC: ORGANISATION AND CO-OPERATION
.
WEEK 3&4
TOPIC: Preservation of resources (Savings)
Behavioral Objectives
By the end of the theme, you will be able to:
1 explain what resource preservation means.
2 identify how people saved money in the past.
3 identify how people save money in these modern times.
4 explain how family size and income affect savings.
5 identify causes of poor saving.
6 explain why saving money is importan
CONTENT
Meaning of preservation of resources
Preservation is the process of keeping things for future use. Reserve preservation is the proper use of our resources, like money and other material resources.
How people save their money in the locality and why
Money is very important. We use it to buy the food we eat and the books we read in school. We also use it to pay our school fees and to buy other things we need. Without money, the government cannot provide us with the essential services we need. Schools, hospitals, electricity and pipe-borne water are provided with money. This is why money should be saved for future use.
How money was saved in the past
In the past, many people kept their money at home, especially under their beds.
Some dug up the floor of their houses and buried their money there. Some kept their money in such secret places as rocks, rooftops and shrines. Others kept their money, trinkets and other precious things in trunks and hollows of trees.
Modern ways of saving money
Nowadays, there are many safe places where money can be kept. Money can be kept with banks, thrift and credit societies, cooperative societies, insurance companies and mortgage houses. A person may also buy shares in a company. By doing so, the person becomes one of the owners of the company. This is another way of saving money. A little amount money can still be kept at home. It should not be more than the amount of money that we can use to buy food and other things we need at short notice.
If we do not keep some money in the house, we may have to go to the bank everyday to withdraw money for our need. This leads to waste of time and energy. Nowadays, however, we can withdraw money from any Automated Teller Machine (ATM) in any bank close to us for any urgent need, even on weekends and holidays. So we do not have to enter into the banking hall or wait until banks are opened to withdraw money. We withdraw money from ATM with our ATM cards, issued by Visa, Verve or Master Card.
Banking facilities in the locality
Keeping money in a commercial bank
We can keep or save money in a commercial bank. There are many commercial banks in the country. Some of the commercial banks in Nigeria are the First Bank of Nigeria, United Bank for Africa, Union Bank of Nigeria, Ecobank, GTBank, Skye Bank and Zenith Bank.
We can open a savings account in any of the banks close to us. To open
an account, we will fill certain forms and put our usual signature. Then, we will fill another form called a pay-in-slip or deposit slip. On this form, we will fill in the amount of money with which we want to open the account. The bank cashier will then enter the amount in a computer and hand over a duplicate copy of the slip to us. To pay in money, we will first fill in the pay-in-slip and then write the correct
amount.
To withdraw money from our savings account, we will fill a withdrawal form or
slip and give it to the cashier who will take the amount from our account and give
us the money.
Banks also give interest on savings accounts. We can also open a current
account. Cheques are used to withdraw money from a current account.
Keeping money in a mortgage bank
People also save money in a mortgage bank. A mortgage bank is not a commercial bank. If someone saves money in a mortgage bank, it is for a special purpose. The mortgage bank helps people to save money, so that they can build their own houses with the help of the bank.
People can open an account in any branch of a mortgage bank, and must save a fixed amount of money in the bank every month. A person having an account in a mortgage bank can apply for a loan to build a house.
If the cost of the house is, for example, three hundred thousand naira ($300000.00), the person must have saved one-third of this amount before the bank can give him or her two hundred thousand naira. This means that the bank lends the person two-thirds of the cost of the house.
Other places where we can also keep our money are thrift and credit societies, insurance companies, and cooperative societies.
How family size and income affect savings
A lot of money is needed to maintain a large family. For instance, money is needed to pay bills like house rents, electricity bills, water rate and school fees. Money is also needed to provide food, clothes and other items for the family.
When the family is too large, then it will be difficult to maintain such a family. Saving up some money, therefore, becomes difficult or even impossible. Also, one cannot save if the income realised in the family is little. Bad economy and decrease in the standard of living in our society can also make it difficult to maintain a large family. These things also prevent savings. Other causes of poor savings include:
1 Inability to manage income properly.
2 High level of spending.
3 Having too many financial obligations or responsibilities.
Why we have to save money in modern ways
We must save money in modern ways for the following reasons:
1 We save money to earn interest or profit on it.
2 We save money to prevent it from being stolen by armed robbers or thieves.
3 We save money in order to make it possible to borrow large amounts of money.
4 We save money in order to have it for use when needed.
ASSIGNMENT
A Choose the best answers for the following questions:
1 _____________ is the process of keeping things for future use.
A Restoration B Preservation
C Investment D Investigation
2 _____________is the proper use of our resources and other material resources.
A Resource usage B Resource pushing
C Resource keeping D Resource preservation
3 Money can be used to provide _____________ for the children.
A schools B hospitals
C pipe-borne water D all of the above
4 In the past, people kept their money _____________.
A with pastors B at home
C in the bank D on the mountains
5 In the past, some people dug the floors of their houses to _____________ their money there.
A plant B throw C bury D wrap
6 One of the safe places to keep our money is _____________.
A at home B with mallams
C the village D the bank
7 Other safe places where we can keep our money are _____________.
A thrift and credit societies C cooperative societies
B insurance companies D all of the above
8 Not keeping some money at home for our use will make us go to the bank
all the time we need money, and it _____________ our time and energy.
A saves B adds to
C wastes D increases
9 One can buy the _____________ of a company to become one of the
owners of the company.
A property B shares
C cars D building
10 To save money in a bank, we need to open an/a ______________ with the
bank.
A agreement B account
C shop D house
11 To pay in money into a bank account, we will first fill in the _____________
and then write the correct amount.
A demand slip B pay-in-slip
C cheque D withdrawal slip
12 To withdraw money from our bank savings account, we will fill in a
_____________ and give it to the cashier.
A deposit slip B paper slip
C reference form D withdrawal form
13 _____________ is used to withdraw money from a current account.
A Paper B Deposit slip
C Teller D Cheque
14 _____________ helps people to save money so that they can build their
own houses.
A Commercial bank B Central bank
C Agricultural bank D Mortgage bank
15 _____________ is an example of a commercial bank.
A Union bank plc B First bank plC
WEEK 5
TOPIC: RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT – CAPITAL
PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES
At the end of this lesson, Pupils should be able to know:
Meaning of resources
Ways of raising funds
Government Sources of funds
Individual and group Sources of funds
Uses of funds
REFERENCE MATERIALS
NERDC Basic Education Curriculum for primary school.
Lagos State Scheme of Work
Unified Schemes of Work Primary Schools four Social Studies (MIDDLE BASIC)
Internet.
Social Studies Textbooks for Primary Schools
ENTRY BEHAVIOUR/ PREVIOUS LESSON: the students are familiar with saving.
CONTENT
Capital is the Wealth in the form of money or property owned by a person or business, government that that is invested or put into a business and human resources of economic value.
Government uses capital in providing good services to the people.
GOVERNMENT SOURCES OF FUNDS
Taxes, and levies
Market fees
Custom and excise duties
Loans
Donation from organization, individual
Grants
Properties sales
Driving licenses fees
Business registration fees
Water rate
Electricity bills
Toll gate fees
Investment
INDIVIDUAL AND GROUP SOURCES OF FUNDS
Personal savings
Spend wisely
Investment
Exports of goods
Getting loans
Asking from friends
Donation
Through fundraising program
Through cooperative society
USES OF FUNDS
Establishment of industries
Buying of properties
it is used establishing business
it is used for financing projects
it is used for grants and donations.
it is used for foreign exchange.
INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURE
The Teacher revises the previous lesson.
The Teacher introduces the topic
The Teacher explains the lessons.
EVALUATIVE ACTIVITIES
List three causes of poor savings
Mention ways How children can practice saving
CONCLUSION: the teacher summarizes the lesson.
WEEK 6
TOPIC: RESOURCES DISTRIBUTION
PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES
At the end of this lesson, Pupils should be able to know:
Meaning of resources
Types of resources
Why resources are not evenly distributed
Problems of over concentration of industries.
Ways of ensuing even distribution of resources
REFERENCE MATERIALS
NERDC Basic Education Curriculum for primary school.
Lagos State Scheme of Work
Unified Schemes of Work Primary Schools four Social Studies (MIDDLE BASIC)
Internet.
Social Studies TextBooks for Primary Schools.
ENTRY BEHAVIOUR/ PREVIOUS LESSON: the students are familiar with resources development.
CONTENT
What are resources? Resources are available source of wealth. They are materials used to develop ourselves and the society. The resources could be human or material.
Types of resources
Capital: these could be money, building, roads, electricity, and equipment.
Labor: these are work done for wages by human e.g. teacher, nurses, lawyer, doctor, etc.
Land: it is a natural resource. These are water, mineral resources, mountains, forest, etc.
Entrepreneur: it is a human resource. He/she thinks of things to produce that is beneficial to human and society.
WHY RESOURCES ARE NOT DISTRIBUTED EVENLY
Resources are not distributed evenly because we need each other to survive and work together.
Nature
Lack of access
Location of raw materials
Markets
FACTORS THAT DETERMINE LOCATIONS OF INDUSTRIES
Supply of electricity.
Availability of the market.
High cost of living
Availability of raw materials
Availability of workers
Government policies such as tax holidays
PROBLEMS OF OVER CONSECRATION OF INDUSTRIES
Unhealthy environment
High cost of living
High cost of food other commodities
Shortage of facilities like water, electricity
Environmental pollution
Overpopulation
Ways of ensuring even distribution of resources
Provision of social amenities.
Policy for rural development should be introduced.
INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURE
The Teacher revises the previous lesson .
The Teacher introduces the topic
The Teacher explains the lessons.
EVALUATIVE ACTIVITIES
Meaning of resources
Mention the Types of resources
Why resources are not evenly distributed
Problems of over concentration of industries.
Ways of ensuing even distribution of resources
CONCLUSION: the teacher summarizes the lesson.
WEEK 7
TOPIC: EMPLOYMENT
PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES
At the end of this lesson, Pupils should be able to know:
What is employment?
Concept of employment
Causes of unemployment
What are the causes of underemployment?
REFERENCE MATERIALS
NERDC Basic Education Curriculum for primary school.
Lagos State Scheme of Work
Unified Schemes of Work Primary Schools four Social Studies (MIDDLE BASIC)
Internet.\
Social Studies Textbooks for Primary Schools.
ENTRY BEHAVIOUR/ PREVIOUS LESSON: the students are familiar with resources distribution.
CONTENT
Employment is the state of having a Job or being employed. It is the work you do for which you are paid.
UNEMPLOYMENT: is the state of not having a Job or not being employed. That is there is no work to do to earn money.
UNDER – EMPLOYMENT: it is when a person is over qualified for the job he/she is doing. For example an engineer who accept to be a primary school teacher.
CAUSES OF UNEMPLOYMENT
Few jobs are available
Lack of information
Corruption
Few industries
Increase in Population
Tribalism
Lack of the required skills by applicants
Poor economy
Bad Government
War
Famine and drought
Discrimination
Racism
CAUSES OF UNDEREMPLOYMENT IN THE PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTORS
Lack of adequate facilities
Lack of adequate training
Poor management of resources
No conducive environment
EFFECTS/ PROBLEMS OF UNEMPLOYMENT underemployment
Unskillfulness
Low living standard
High rate of criminals
Low production
Unhappiness
Reduces the growth of development of the economy
Poverty
INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURE
The Teacher revises the previous lesson
The Teacher introduces the topic
The Teacher explains the lessons.
EVALUATIVE ACTIVITIES
What is employment?
What is underemployment?
Mention three Causes of unemployment
List three causes of underemployment
CONCLUSION: the teacher summarizes the lesson.
WEEK 8
TOPIC: WAGES AND INCOME
PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES
At the end of this lesson, Pupils should be able to know:
Concept of wages and salary
Why some people earn higher salaries than others
REFERENCE MATERIALS
NERDC Basic Education Curriculum for primary school.
Lagos State Scheme of Work
Unified Schemes of Work Primary Schools four Social Studies (MIDDLE BASIC)
Internet.
Social Studies Textbooks for Primary Schools.
ENTRY BEHAVIOUR/ PREVIOUS LESSON: the students are familiar with.
CONTENT
CONCEPT OF WAGES AND SALARIES
Wages and salary are the money given to a person after working.
WAGES is the Money that is paid regularly (hourly, daily, weekly) for doing work while SALARY is the Money that is paid monthly to a worker for doing work.
Employment is the state of having a Job or being employed. It is the work you do for which you are paid.
UNEMPLOYMENT: is the state of not having a Job or not being employed. That is there is no work to do to earn money.
UNDER – EMPLOYMENT: it is when a person is over qualified for the job he/she is doing. For example an engineer who accept to be a primary school teacher.
Causes of unemployment
1 Shortage of money: When government and private companies have little money to pay salaries, many people may be sacked, and so become unemployed.
2 Underdevelopment: Some countries are yet to develop. As a result, many industries, large business firms or large farms that can employ many people cannot be set up there. The few places of work can only employ a few people.
The rest of the people are, therefore, unemployed.
3 Lack of necessary skills: Some people do not have the requisite skills (skills needed to do a particular job) or qualifications to get employment. Such people may be refused employment in companies and industries, and they become unemployed.
4 Overpopulation: If there are too many people for the available jobs, unemployment may occur.
5 Laziness: Some people are too lazy to do any serious work. Instead, they prefer to beg.
6 Inability to work: There are handicapped people, many of who are not capable of working. They include the deaf and dumb, crippled people, and blind people. Many of these people may not be able to do regular jobs because of their disability.
WHY SOME PEOPLE EARN HIGHER SALARIES THAN OTHERS
The following are reasons why some people earn higher than others
Level of qualification
The value of services
Amount and the quantity of work done.
Negotiation skill
Employer and employee Relationship
Gender
Trade union support
SOME ACTIONS TAKEN BY WORKERS THAT FEELS THEY ARE UNDERPAID
They go on strike
Some will quit their job
They may dialogue with the authorities
They may petition the authorities
Demonstration protest
Suing of management
INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURE
The Teacher revises the previous lesson
The Teacher introduces the topic
The Teacher explains the lessons.
EVALUATIVE ACTIVITIES
Differentiate of wages and salary
Mention three reasons why some people earn higher salaries than others
List three actions taken by workers that feel they are underpaid
CONCLUSION: the teacher summarizes the lesson.
WEEK 9
TOPIC: COMMUNICATION
PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES
At the end of this Unit, Pupils should be able to know:
Meaning of communication
Types of electronic communication
Uses of the devices
Problems of some of the devices
REFERENCE MATERIALS
NERDC Basic Education Curriculum for primary school.
Lagos State Scheme of Work
Unified Schemes of Work Primary Schools four Social Studies (MIDDLE BASIC)
Internet.
Social Studies Textbooks for Primary Schools.
ENTRY BEHAVIOUR/ PREVIOUS LESSON: the students are familiar with wages and income
CONTENT
Communication is information that is carried from one place to another.
Electronic communication is the communication through the use of computer.
Electronic communication devices are device that send and receive messages through electronic means.
TYPES OF ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATION DEVICES THAT USES ELECTRICITY
Television
Telephone
Fax machine
Internet facilities
Video player
USES OF ELECTRONIC DEVICES
Television and radio uses
Television is used for enlightenment and entertainment
To listen to news
Teach people different things about life.
Telephone, fax, telex uses
Used to send personal messages to individuals
PROBLEMS OF SOME OF THE DEVICES
Carelessness
Not following device instruction manual
Low electricity supply
Too old for use (outdated)
Climate changes
Electrical faults
INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURE
The Teacher revises the previous lesson (WAGES AND INCOME).
The Teacher introduces the topic
The Teacher explains the lessons.
EVALUATIVE ACTIVITIES
Meaning of communication
Types of electronic communication
Uses of the devices
Problems of some of the devices
CONCLUSION: the teacher summarizes the lesson.
WEEK 10
TOPIC: TRANSPORTATION – LAND TRANSPORTATION
PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES
At the end of this lesson, Pupils should be able to know:
Meaning of transportation
Types of transportation
Forms of land transport
Advantages of transportation
Identify the problem of land transportation
Solution to problems of land transportation
REFERENCE MATERIALS
NERDC Basic Education Curriculum for primary school.
Lagos State Scheme of Work
Unified Schemes of Work Primary Schools four Social Studies (MIDDLE BASIC)
Internet.
Social Studies Textbooks for Primary Schools.
ENTRY BEHAVIOUR/ PREVIOUS LESSON: the students are familiar with communication.
CONTENT
Transportation is the act of moving something from one location to another.
LAND TRANSPORT is the movement of people and materials from one place to another on land.
Types of transportation
Road transport; car, vehicle, bicycle.
Rail transport; train
Sea transport; ship, ferries
Air transport; airplanes, helicopter
FORMS OF LAND TRANSPORTATION
Road transport
Buses
Bicycles
Motorcycle
Motor cars
Lorries
Donkey
Horses
Camels
Trains: trains are used to carry people and goods from one place to the other using railway tracks.
Trekking: it is the oldest and slowest form of transportation. Human and animal move from places is places with our legs.
ADVANTAGES OF TRANSPORTATION
Movement of goods and people is easier
Movement of goods is faster
PROBLEMS OF LAND TRANSPORTATION
Bad roads
Bad vehicles
Non availability of machine part
High cost of spare part
Lack of expert
Inabilities of drivers to read and write
Overloading of vehicles
SOLUTION TO PROBLEMS OF TRANSPORTATION
Effective supervision
Patriotism
Spoilt road should be repaired and maintained
INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURE
The Teacher revises the previous lesson (COMMUNICATION).
The Teacher introduces the topic (LAND TRANSPORTATION)
The Teacher explains the lessons.
EVALUATIVE ACTIVITIES
Meaning of transportation
List the Types of transportation
Mention the Forms of land transport
List three Advantages of transportation
Identify the problem of land transportation
Mention the Solution to problems of land transportation
CONCLUSION: the teacher summarize the lesson
WEEK 11
TOPIC: NATIONAL WATER SUPPLY
PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES
At the end of this Unit, Pupils should be able to know:
Definition of water
Sources of water
Uses of water
Why water is scarce sometime
Consequences of water shortage in Nigeria
How to solve the problems of water shortage
Population and water supply
REFERENCE MATERIALS
NERDC Basic Education Curriculum for primary school.
Lagos State Scheme of Work
Unified Schemes of Work Primary Schools four Social Studies (MIDDLE BASIC)
Internet.
Social Studies Text Books for Primary Schools.
ENTRY BEHAVIOUR/ PREVIOUS LESSON: the students are familiar with land transportation.
CONTENT
Water is clearly colorless, odorless and tasteless liquid. Water is very important to all living things (human, animals, and plants).
SOURCES OF WATER
Natural sources
Man – made sources
NATURAL SOURCES OF WATER
Spring water
Rain water
River
Lake
Sea
Ocean
MAN MADE OR ARTIFICIAL SOURCES OF WATER
Bore –hole
Irrigation
Pipe- borne water
Dam
USES OF WATER
The following are some ways we make use of water.
Domestic purpose such as washing, bathing, drinking, flower wetting, cooking.
Transportation purposes: ships. Boats, canoes move on water.
Industrial uses: used for cooling machines, for mixing chemicals, washing equipment.
Agricultural purposes: crops and animal needs water to survive.
It used to aid our digestive system.
PERSONS AND AGENCIES INVOLVED IN THE PROVISION OF WATER
The Engineers and Public health worker work with the following agencies to provide water to the society.
Water cooperation
Ministry of agriculture and national resources
Water board
Ministry of water resources
WHY WATER IS SOMETIMES SCARCE
Irregular supply of electricity
Climate change
Water rate payment delay
Increase in population
Lack of expert to fix some water machine issues
Burst pipes
Plant (generator) failure
Lack of funds to buy spare part.
CONSEQUENCES OF WATER SHORTAGE
Outbreak of Water borne diseases
Inadequate electricity
Low income from business owner working with water
Closure of industries
Lack of food crop
Death
HOW TO SOLVE PROBLEM OF WATER SHORTAGE
Government should provide enough funds for water project and maintenance
Maintenance should be carried out when necessary
Provision of sufficient spare part
Quick repair of damaged pipe
Steady supply of electricity
More boreholes should be available
Dumping of refuse in rivers should not be allowed
POPULATION AND WATER SUPPLY
Increase in population growth leads to increase demand for waters, available water supply becomes inadequate, creates needs for more water.
INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURE
The Teacher revises the previous lesson (LAND TRANSPORTATION)
The Teacher introduces the topic (NATIONAL WATER SUPPLY)
The Teacher explains the lessons.
EVALUATIVE ACTIVITIES
What is water
Mention five Sources of water
List five Uses of water
Why water is scarce sometime
Identify the Consequences of water shortage in Nigeria
State three ways on How to solve the problems of water shortage
How can Population affect water supply
CONCLUSION: the teacher summarize the lesson.
WEEK 12
TOPIC: NATIONAL WATER SUPPLY
PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES
At the end of this Unit, Pupils should be able to know:
Definition of water
Sources of water
Uses of water
Why water is scarce sometime
Consequences of water shortage in Nigeria
How to solve the problems of water shortage
Population and water supply
TEACHING AND LEARNING MATERIALS
Whiteboard/ chalkboard
Interactive poster
Interactive video
TEACHING METHOD
Explanation
Discussion
Questions and Answers
REFERENCE MATERIALS
NERDC Basic Education Curriculum for primary school.
Lagos State Scheme of Work
Unified Schemes of Work Primary Schools four Social Studies (MIDDLE BASIC)
Internet.
Social Studies Text Books for Primary Schools.
ENTRY BEHAVIOUR/ PREVIOUS LESSON: the students are familiar with land transportation.
CONTENT
Water is clearly colorless, odorless and tasteless liquid. Water is very important to all living things (human, animals, and plants).
SOURCES OF WATER
Natural sources
Man – made sources
NATURAL SOURCES OF WATER
Spring water
Rain water
River
Lake
Sea
Ocean
MAN MADE OR ARTIFICIAL SOURCES OF WATER
Bore –hole
Irrigation
Pipe- borne water
Dam
USES OF WATER
The following are some ways we make use of water.
Domestic purpose such as washing, bathing, drinking, flower wetting, cooking.
Transportation purposes: ships. Boats, canoes moves on water.
Industrial uses: used for cooling machines, for mixing chemicals, washing equipment.
Agricultural purposes: crops and animal needs water to survive.
It used to aid our digestive system.
PERSONS AND AGENCIES INVOLVED IN THE PROVISION OF WATER
The Engineers and Public health worker work with the following agencies to provide water to the society.
Water cooperation
Ministry of agriculture and national resources
Water board
Ministry of water resources
WHY WATER IS SOMETIMES SCARCE
Irregular supply of electricity
Climate change
Water rate payment delay
Increase in population
Lack of expert to fix some water machine issues
Burst pipes
Plant (generator) failure
Lack of funds to buy spare part.
CONSEQUENCES OF WATER SHORTAGE
Outbreak of Water borne diseases
Inadequate electricity
Low income from business owner working with water
Closure of industries
Lack of food crop
Death
HOW TO SOLVE PROBLEM OF WATER SHORTAGE
Government should provide enough funds for water project and maintenance
Maintenance should be carried out when necessary
Provision of sufficient spare part
Quick repair of damaged pipe
Steady supply of electricity
More boreholes should be available
Dumping of refuse in rivers should not be allowed
POPULATION AND WATER SUPPLY
Increase in population growth leads to increase demand for waters, available water supply becomes inadequate, creates needs for more water.
INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURE
The Teacher revises the previous lesson (LAND TRANSPORTATION)
The Teacher introduces the topic (NATIONAL WATER SUPPLY)
The Teacher explains the lessons.
EVALUATIVE ACTIVITIES
What is water
Mention five Sources of water
List five Uses of water
Why water is scarce sometime
Identify the Consequences of water shortage in Nigeria
State three ways on How to solve the problems of water shortage
How can Population affect water supply
CONCLUSION: the teacher summarizes the lesson.